Archduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria, full German name: Maria Dorothea Amalie, Erzherzogin von Österreich (Maria Dorothea Amelia; 14 June 1867 – 6 April 1932) was a member of the Hungarian line of the House of Habsburg and an Archduchess of Austria by birth.
Through her marriage to Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Maria Dorothea was also a member of the House of Orléans.
Philippe was the Orléanist claimant to the throne of France from 1894 to 1926 and known to Orléanist monarchists as "Philippe VIII of France." Thus, to Orléanist monarchists, Maria Dorothea was titular Queen of France from 1896 to 1926, and Dowager Queen of France until her death in 1932.