Yemelyan Ivanovich Pugachev (Russian: ??????´? ???´????? ???????; c.
1742 – 21 January [O.S.
10 January] 1775) was an ataman of the Yaik Cossacks who led a great popular insurrection during the reign of Catherine the Great.
Pugachev claimed to be Catherine's late husband, Emperor Peter III.
Alexander Pushkin wrote a notable history of the rebellion, The History of Pugachev, and recounted the events of the uprising in his novel The Captain's Daughter (1836).