Joachim Gnilka (8 December 1928 in Leobschütz/Silesia, – 15 January 2018 in München, Germany) was a German Roman Catholic Catholic theologian and exegete.
Gnilka studied 1947–1953 theology, philosophy and Oriental languages in Eichstätt, Würzburg and Rome.
1953–1956 he was chaplain in Würzburg.
1955 Gnilka earned a doctorate (Th.D.).
1959 he earned a habilitation.
1959–1962 Gnilka was Privatdozent (associate professor, senior lecturer) at the university of Würzburg.
1962–1975 he was professor for New Testament in the University of Münster.
1975–1997 he was professor at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
From 1973 to 1988 Gnilka was a member of the Pontifical Biblical Commission and from 1986 to 1997 a member of the International Theological Commission.