Thomas "Tom" Molineaux (23 March 1784 – 4 August 1818), sometimes spelled Molyneaux, was an African-American bare-knuckle boxer and former slave.
He spent much of his career in Great Britain and Ireland, where he had some notable successes.
He arrived in England in 1809 and started his fighting career there in 1810.
It was his two fights against Tom Cribb, widely viewed as the Champion of England, that brought fame to Molineaux, although he lost both contests due to foul play on Cribb’s end (Molineaux was hit on the head with a metal pipe and held down to be beaten by Cribbs, after defendants of Cribbs were worried Cribbs was getting beaten too badly by Molineaux).
His prizefighting career ended in 1815.
After a tour that took him to Scotland and Ireland, he died in Galway, Ireland in 1818, aged 34.