Nguyễn Chánh Thi, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death
TweetNguyễn Chánh Thi
South Vietnamese commander
Date of Birth: 
Place of Birth: Huế, Thừa Thiên-Huế, Vietnam
About Nguyễn Chánh Thi
- Nguy?n Chánh Thi ([?wi???? c?an??? t?i??]; 23 February 1923 – 23 June 2007) was an officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN).
- He is best known for being involved in frequent coups in the 1960s and wielding substantial influence as a key member of various juntas that ruled South Vietnam from 1964 until 1966, when he was overpowered by Republic of Vietnam Air Force chief and Prime Minister Nguy?n Cao K? in a power struggle and exiled to the United States.
- Known for his flamboyant style and hostility to U.S.
- advice, Thi's ouster was supported by the American leadership, who backed K?'s pro-U.S.
- regime. Thi joined the French Army at the age of 17 and was captured by Japan after they invaded French Indochina during World War II.
- After several months he escaped.
- He later transferred to the Vietnamese National Army of the French-backed State of Vietnam, which, in October 1955, became the ARVN and Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam), respectively.
- A paratrooper, he fought for then-Prime Minister Ngô Ðình Di?m against the Bình Xuyên organized crime syndicate in the 1955 Battle for Saigon.
- Impressed by Thi's performance, Di?m referred to him as "my son" and put him in command of the Airborne Brigade. In November 1960, Thi led the paratroopers in a coup against Di?m, citing political interference in the military.
- The rebels gained the upper hand but Thi was reluctant to push for a complete victory, and the coup was defeated after Di?m falsely promised to make reforms in order to buy time for loyalists to rescue him.
- Thi fled into exile in Cambodia, but returned after Di?m was deposed and executed in November 1963.
- He became the deputy commander of I Corps under Nguy?n Khánh, and helped his superior to overthrow Di?m's subjugators three months later.
- Thi became the commander of the 1st Division, before taking control of I Corps later in the year. During the year after Khánh's rise to power, Thi helped Khánh stage or put down several coup attempts, making him a key player in South Vietnamese military politics.
- In September 1964, he and K? helped rescue Khánh from a coup attempt by two disgruntled Catholic Di?mist generals, Lâm Van Phát and Duong Van Ð?c.
- This gave K? and Thi increased leverage in the junta.
- Two months later, he was prominent in shutting down a junta-appointed civilian advisory body after they disapproved of a plan by younger officers to compulsorily retire old generals.
- In January 1965, he helped Khánh depose the junta-appointed civilian Prime Minister Tr?n Van Huong, but by this time he had turned against Khánh.
- In February 1965, he helped defeat a coup attempt by Phát and Ph?m Ng?c Th?o, and helped to force Khánh's resignation at the same time.
- Over the next year, K? and Thi were the foremost officers in the junta, and in June 1965, Thi declined an opportunity to serve as prime minister after being nominated by his fellow officers following the resignation of civilian Phan Huy Quát.
- Thi wanted to let a rival take the job and then step in after he had failed, but he never received a second opportunity. Thi oversaw I Corps with a great deal of autonomy, and the other officers felt threatened, which was accentuated by Thi's alignment with Buddhist activist movements in his region, traditionally a Buddhist stronghold.
- The Buddhists were opposed to expansion of the Vietnam War and the American leadership viewed Thi negatively.
- In early 1966, feeling more confident about his hold on power, K? orchestrated Thi's removal, and announced that Thi would be going to the US for medical treatment, but in reality into exile.
- Thi refused to go along with K?'s false story and wanted to stay in Vietnam, and this led to civil unrest in I Corps, where Thi was popular.
- The disquiet escalated into open rebellion by pro-Thi military units, allied to Buddhist anti-junta activists who were calling for civilian government and an end to the US-driven war expansion policy.
- After three months of virtual secession, K?'s forces quelled the dissidents, and Thi emigrated to the U.S., where he lived for the rest of his life.
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