Masaharu Taguchi (?? ??, Taguchi Masaharu, January 9, 1916 – June 29, 1982) was a Japanese freestyle swimmer.
At the 1936 Olympics he won a gold medal in the 4 × 200 m relay, setting a new world record.
In the individual 100 m race he finished almost simultaneously with Masanori Yusa and Shigeo Arai and was placed fourth, although photographs suggest he was second.Taguchi graduated from the Rikkyo University, and later worked at a Daimaru department store and coached swimming at a local Daimaru swimming club.
He was recruited in 1961 to prepare the national swimming team for the 1964 Tokyo Olympics.