Franz von Papen, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

    

Franz von Papen

German chancellor

Date of Birth: 29-Oct-1879

Place of Birth: Werl, Free State of Prussia, Germany

Date of Death: 02-May-1969

Profession: military personnel, politician, diplomat

Nationality: Germany

Zodiac Sign: Scorpio


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About Franz von Papen

  • Franz Joseph Hermann Michael Maria von Papen, Erbsälzer zu Werl und Neuwerk (German: [f?n 'pa?pn?] (listen); 29 October 1879 – 2 May 1969) generally known as Franz von Papen, was a German conservative politician, diplomat, nobleman and General Staff officer.
  • He served as Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice-Chancellor under Adolf Hitler in 1933 and 1934. Born into a wealthy family of Westphalian Roman Catholic aristocrats, Papen served in the Imperial German Army from 1898 onward and was trained as a German General Staff officer.
  • He served as military attachĂ© in Mexico and the United States from 1913 to 1915, organising acts of sabotage in the United States and financing Mexican forces in the Mexican Revolution.
  • After being expelled from the United States in 1915, he served as a battalion commander on the Western Front of World War I and finished his war service in the Middle Eastern theatre as a lieutenant colonel. Appointed Chancellor in 1932 by President Paul von Hindenburg, Papen ruled by presidential decree.
  • He negotiated the end of reparations at the Lausanne Conference of 1932.
  • He launched the PreuĂźenschlag coup against the Social Democratic government of the Free State of Prussia.
  • His failure to secure a base of support in the Reichstag led to his dismissal by Hindenburg and replacement by General Kurt von Schleicher.
  • Determined to return to power, Papen, believing that Hitler could be controlled once he was in the government, persuaded Hindenburg into appointing Hitler as Chancellor and Papen as Vice-Chancellor in 1933 in a cabinet ostensibly not under Nazi Party domination.
  • With military dictatorship the only alternative to Nazi rule, Hindenburg consented.
  • Papen and his allies were quickly marginalized by Hitler and he left the government after the Night of the Long Knives in 1934, during which the Nazis killed some of his confidants.
  • Subsequently, Papen served as an ambassador of Germany in Vienna from 1934 to 1938 and in Ankara from 1939 to 1944. After the Second World War, Papen was indicted in the Nuremberg trials of war criminals before the International Military Tribunal but was acquitted of all charges.
  • In 1947 a West German denazification court found Papen to have acted as a main culprit to crimes.
  • Papen was given an eight-year hard labour prison sentence but he was released on appeal in 1949.
  • Papen's memoirs were published in 1952 and 1953, and he died in 1969.

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