Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

    

Plaek Phibunsongkhram

Thai politician and general

Date of Birth: 14-Jul-1897

Place of Birth: Nonthaburi, Thailand

Date of Death: 11-Jun-1964

Profession: military personnel, politician

Nationality: Thailand

Zodiac Sign: Cancer


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About Plaek Phibunsongkhram

  • Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram (Thai: ???? ??????????? [pl?`?k p?í.bu?n.so?.k?ra?m]; alternatively transcribed as Pibulsongkram or Pibulsonggram; 14 July 1897 – 11 June 1964), locally known as Chomphon Por (Thai: ????? ?.;[t??¯?m.p?on.p?¯?]), contemporarily known as Phibun (Pibul) in the West, was a Thai military officer and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Thailand and dictator from 1938 to 1944 and 1948 to 1957. Phibunsongkhram was a member of the Royal Siamese Army wing of Khana Ratsadon, the first political party in Thailand, and a leader of the Siamese revolution of 1932 transforming Thailand from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy.
  • Phibunsongkhram became the third Prime Minister of Thailand in 1938 as Commander of the Royal Siamese Army, establishing a de facto military dictatorship inspired by the Italian fascism of Benito Mussolini which promoted Thai nationalism and sinophobia, and allied Thailand with Imperial Japan in World War II.
  • Phibunsongkhram launched a modernization campaign known as the Thai Cultural Revolution that included a series of cultural mandates, changing the country's name from "Siam" to "Thailand", and promotion of the common Thai language.
  • Phibunsongkhram was ousted as Prime Minister by the National Assembly in 1944 and replaced by members of the Free Thai Movement until returning to power in the Siamese coup d'état of 1947 led by the Coup Group.
  • Phibunsongkhram aligned Thailand with anti-communism in the Cold War, entered the Korean War under the United Nations Command, and abandoned fascism for a façade of democracy.
  • Phibunsongkhram's second term as Prime Minister was plagued by political instability and was subject to several attempted coup d'etats to remove him including the Army General Staff plot in 1948, the Palace Rebellion in 1949, and the Manhattan Rebellion in 1951.
  • Phibunsongkhram attempted to transform Thailand into a liberal democracy from the mid-1950s, but was overthrown in 1957 and entered exile in Japan where he died in 1964. Phibunsongkhram is the longest serving Prime Minister of Thailand to-date at 15 years and one month.

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