James Edward Caldwell (June 13, 1927 – October 9, 2013) was an American politician from the state of Connecticut.
He served in the Connecticut State Senate from 1958 to 1974, and as Connecticut State Comptroller from 1974 to 1991, the longest term of any comptroller in the state's history.Caldwell was a veteran of World War II and an alumnus of Fairfield University and the University of Connecticut Law School.