Mary Stafford Anthony (April 2, 1827 – February 5, 1907) was an American women suffragist who played a strong role during the women's rights movement in the 19th century.
Anthony was a teacher who was promoted to the position of principal; she was the first woman known to receive equal pay with males in this position in the Rochester City School District in Western New York.
She grew up in a Quaker family and became involved in several suffrage and other progressive organizations, such as the New York Women's Suffrage Association, the Women's Christian Temperance Union, and the National Woman Suffrage Association.
Anthony founded the Women's Political Club, later renamed in 1880 as the Political Equality Club.