Joseph Yulyevich Achron, also seen as Akhron (Russian: ????? ??????? ?????, Hebrew: ???? ?????) (May 1, 1886 – April 29, 1943) was a Russian-born Jewish composer and violinist, who settled in the United States.
His preoccupation with Jewish elements and his desire to develop a "Jewish" harmonic and contrapuntal idiom, underscored and informed much of his work.
His friend, the composer Arnold Schoenberg, described Achron in his obituary as "one of the most underrated modern composers".