Aron Keith Barbey (born January 6, 1977) is an American cognitive neuroscientist, who investigates the neural architecture of human intelligence.
Barbey is the Emanuel Donchin Professorial Scholar of Psychology and a Professor of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Bioengineering at the University of Illinois.
He is director of the Decision Neuroscience Laboratory at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and
founding director of the Center for Brain Plasticity at the Beckman Institute, where he leads the Intelligence, Learning, and Plasticity (ILP) Initiative.He has used both classical lesion methods and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques to better understand neural architecture and its relationship to intelligence.
His research group examines the effects of cognitive neuroscience (including TDCS),
physical fitness, and nutritional interventions on brain health and intelligence across the lifespan.
In 2019, Barbey was awarded the Mensa Foundation Prize for his neuroscientific work studying human intelligence.