Abd al-Ra?man III, he was 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Mu?ammad ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Mu?ammad ibn 'Abd al-Ra?man ibn al-?akam al-Rabdi ibn Hisham ibn 'Abd al-Ra?man al-Dakhil; (????????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????); (889/91 - 961).
'Abd al-Ra?man won the laqab (sobriquet) al-Nasir li-Din Allah – Defender of God's Faith – in his early 20s when, as Emir of Córdoba, he supported the Maghrawa in North Africa against Fatimid expansion and rose to the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba.
His half a century reign (912–961) of al-Andalus – Muslim Iberian Spain – was known for its religious tolerance.