Ngo Dinh Diem, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

    

Ngo Dinh Diem

President of the Republic of Vietnam

Date of Birth: 03-Jan-1901

Place of Birth: Huế, Thừa Thiên-Huế, Vietnam

Date of Death: 02-Nov-1963

Profession: politician

Nationality: South Vietnam

Zodiac Sign: Capricorn


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About Ngo Dinh Diem

  • Ngô Ðình Di?m ( or ; Vietnamese: [?o ?ìn jî?m?] (listen); 3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a Vietnamese politician.
  • He was the final prime minister of the State of Vietnam (1954–55), and then served as President of South Vietnam from 1955 until he was deposed and assassinated during the 1963 military coup. Di?m was born into a prominent Catholic family, the son of a high-ranking civil servant, Ngô Ðình Kh?.
  • He was educated at French-speaking schools and considered following his brother Ngô Ðình Th?c into the priesthood, but eventually chose to pursue a civil-service career.
  • He progressed rapidly in the court of Emperor B?o Ð?i, becoming governor of Bình Thu?n Province in 1929 and interior minister in 1933.
  • However, he resigned the latter position after three months and publicly denounced the emperor as a tool of the French.
  • Di?m came to support Vietnamese nationalism, promoting an anti-communist and anti-colonialist "third way" opposed to both B?o Ð?i and communist leader H? Chí Minh.
  • He established the Can Lao Party to support his political doctrine of Person Dignity Theory. After several years in exile, Di?m returned home in July 1954 and was appointed prime minister by B?o Ð?i, the head of the Western-backed State of Vietnam.
  • The Geneva Accords were signed soon after he took office, formally partitioning Vietnam along the 17th parallel.
  • Di?m soon consolidated power in South Vietnam, aided by his brother Ngô Ðình Nhu.
  • After a rigged referendum in 1955, he proclaimed the creation of the Republic of Vietnam, with himself as president.
  • His government was supported by other anti-communist countries, most notably the United States.
  • Di?m pursued a series of nation-building schemes, emphasising industrial and rural development.
  • From 1957, he was faced with a communist insurgency backed by North Vietnam, eventually formally organized under the banner of the Vi?t C?ng.
  • He was subject to a number of assassination and coup attempts, and in 1962 established the Strategic Hamlet Program as the cornerstone of his counterinsurgency effort. Di?m's favoritism towards Catholics and persecution of South Vietnam's Buddhist majority led to the "Buddhist crisis" of 1963.
  • The violence damaged relations with the United States and other previously sympathetic countries, and his regime lost favour with the leadership of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam.
  • On 1 November 1963, the country's leading generals launched a coup d'état with assistance from the CIA.
  • He and his younger brother Nhu initially escaped, but were recaptured the following day and murdered on the orders of Duong Van Minh, who succeeded him as president.
  • Di?m has been a controversial historical figure in historiography on the Vietnam War.
  • Some historians have considered him a tool of the United States, while others portrayed him as an avatar of Vietnamese tradition.
  • Some recent studies have portrayed Di?m from a more Vietnamese-centred perspective as a competent leader focused on nation building and the modernisation of South Vietnam.

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