In fact, the term "fractal" itself was coined by Mandelbrot in 1975, based on the Latin fractus meaning "broken" or "fractured".
Elisabeth Bouchaud suggested that these fractal properties could be understood in terms of the propagation of the crack front in a disordered environment, which is affected by the vicinity of a depinning transition.She was awarded the Louis Ancel Prize, the Onsager Medal, and the Aniuta Winter-Klein Prize.