Wurtz is an American neuroscientist working as a NIH Distinguished Scientist and Chief of the Section on Visuomotor Integration at the National Eye Institute.
He is a member of the US National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
He is recognised for developing methods for studying the visual system in 'awake-behaving' primates (as opposed to those under anesthesia), a technique now widely used for the study of higher brain functions.
He pioneered the study of the neuronal basis of vision and its relation with cognitive functions.