Robert Leonard Carneiro (born in New York City on June 4, 1927) is an American anthropologist and curator of the American Museum of Natural History.
Carneiro earned a Ph.D.
from the University of Michigan in 1957.Carneiro is an influential cultural evolutionist.
He is especially known for his theory of the state formation ("Carneiro's Circumscription Theory") that explains how the constraints of the environment interact with population pressures and warfare to form states.Carneiro is more broadly interested in evolutionism and the development of a very general, scientific theory of culture.
His work is very influential, though it has also elicited criticisms.
He is strongly opposed to any humanistic and anti-scientific tendencies in anthropology.