Aleksandër Vasilev Lilov (Bulgarian: ?????????? ??????? ?????; 31 August 1933 – 20 July 2013) was a Bulgarian politician and philosopher.
At his career's height during the People's Republic of Bulgaria, he was described as the second most powerful man of the regime.
However, he fell out of favor in 1983 and lost his power.
He made a strong political comeback during the democratic transition and was elected chairman of the Bulgarian Communist Party.
He led the party to transform and adapt to the post-communist era.
A party referendum supported his proposal to change the name to the Bulgarian Socialist Party.
After winning the first democratic elections he did not become prime minister himself, instead he eventually supported a multi-party government led by Dimitar Popov.
After losing the 1991 parliamentary elections he stepped down as party leader.
In 2001 he retired as MP after having served for 39 years.