Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or "The Bridge", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-century art.
He volunteered for army service in the First World War, but soon suffered a breakdown and was discharged.
In 1933, his work was branded as "degenerate" by the Nazis and in 1937, over 600 of his works were sold or destroyed.