Rica Reinisch (later Assmann then Neumann, born 6 April 1965 in Seifhennersdorf, Saxony) is a retired swimmer from East Germany.
She was a specialist in backstroke, setting four world records in the Moscow Games (three in 100 m backstroke: 1:01.51, 1:01.50 and 1:00.86; one in 200 m backstroke 2:11.77), at the age of fifteen.
She won gold medals in the 100 m and 200 m backstroke and as a member of the 4 x 100 medley relay team.
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