Józef Lukaszewicz (December 13, 1863 – October 19, 1928) was a Polish physicist, geologist and mineralogist, as well as a 19th-century revolutionary.
During his life he took part in a failed attempt to assassinate tsar Alexander III of Russia, served a lifetime sentence in Shlisselburg prison, was a professor at numerous universities, headed the Petersburg Institute of Geography and a chair in the Stefan Batory University of Wilno.