Andrew Stuart Thompson (born 3 June 1968) is a British historian and academic.
He specialises in modern British history, Imperialism, and the British Empire.
Since September 2019, he has been Professor of Global Imperial History at the University of Oxford and a Professorial Fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford.
He previously taught at the University of Leeds and the University of Exeter.
He was Executive Chair of the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) from 2018 to 2019, having previously been its chief executive on a part-time basis.