Mircea Florian (Romanian: ['mirt??e?a flori'an]; April 1, 1888 – October 31, 1960) was a Romanian philosopher and translator.
Active mainly during the interwar period, he was noted as one of the leading proponents of rationalism, opposing it to the Trairist philosophy of Nae Ionescu.
His work, comprising some 20 books, shows Florian as a disciple of centrists and rationalists such as Constantin Radulescu-Motru and Titu Maiorescu.
Active in independent social democratic politics, the philosopher became a political prisoner under the communist regime.
It was during his time in jail that Florian conceived his philosophical system, published after his death in the treatise Recesivitatea ca structura a lumii ("Recessivity as World Structure").
In 1990, he was made a posthumous member of the Romanian Academy.