John Pepper, also known as József Pogány and Joseph Pogany (born József Schwartz; November 8, 1886 – February 8, 1938), was a Hungarian-Jewish Communist politician.
He later served as a Revolutionary in the Communist International in Moscow, before being cashiered in 1929.
Later an official in the Soviet government, Pepper ran afoul of the secret police and was executed during the Great Terror of 1937–38.