Émile Léonard Mathieu (French: [matjø]; 15 May 1835, Metz – 19 October 1890, Nancy) was a French mathematician.
He is known for his work in group theory and mathematical physics.
He has given his name to the Mathieu functions, Mathieu groups and Mathieu transformation.
He authored a treatise of mathematical physics in 6 volumes.
Volume 1 is an exposition of the techniques to solve the differential equations of mathematical physics,
and contains an account of the applications of Mathieu functions to electrostatics.
Volume 2 deals with capillarity.
Volumes 3 and 4 deal with electrostatics and magnetostatics.
Volume 5 deals with electrodynamics, and volume 6 with elasticity.
The asteroid 27947 Emilemathieu was named in his honour.