Mattityahu Strashun (Hebrew: ?????? ????????, also spelled Strassen; October 1, 1817 – December 13, 1885) was a Russian Talmudist, Midrashic scholar, book collector, communal leader, and philanthropist.
He amassed a significant private collection of books and rare manuscripts which formed the basis for the Strashun Library of Vilnius, which operated from 1892 to 1941.