Ellen Russell Emerson (January 16, 1837 - 1907) was a 19th-century American author and ethnologist from Maine.
Her notable works include Poems (1865), Indian Myths: Or, Legends, Traditions, and Symbols of the Aborigines of America Compared with Those of Other Countries, Including Hindostan, Egypt, Persia, Assyria, and China (1884), Masks, Heads, and Faces: With Some Considerations Respecting the Rise and Development of Art (1891), and Nature and Human Nature (1892).
In 1884, she traveled to Europe, where she conducted research among the records and monuments in the libraries and museums.
In Paris, she was elected a member of the Society Americaine de France, the first woman to receive that honor.