Ricardo Carballo Calero (also known Ricardo Carvalho Calero after to 1981) (Ferrol, 1910 - Santiago de Compostela, 1990) was a Spanish philologist, academic and writer.
He was the first Professor of Galician Language and Literature at the University of Santiago de Compostela.
He was a member of the Royal Galician Academy, the Lisbon Academy of Sciences, and also an honorary member of the Galician Language Association.
He was one of the main theorists of contemporary Galician reintegrationism and his works on this field are considered a primary reference.
Many consider Carballo Calero as one of the most prominent figures of the twentieth century Galician intelligentsia.