Gaspard Thémistocle Lestiboudois (12 October 1797, Lille – 22 November 1876, Paris) was a French naturalist.
He was the son of botanist François Joseph Lestiboudois (1759-1815) and the grandson of Jean-Baptiste Lestiboudois (1715-1804), a professor of botany at the Faculty of Lille.
In 1818, he obtained his doctorate of medicine in Paris.
In 1835 he conducted research of the plague in Algeria.
As a passenger on a train, he was involved in a terrible accident at Rœux; despite being injured, he attended to the wounds of other victims.In August 1868 he was chosen commander of the Legion of Honour.