Lev Isaakovich Shestov (Russian: ??? ????´????? ?????´?, 1866 – 1938), born Yehuda Leib Shvartsman (Russian: ?????? ???? ????????), was a Russian existentialist philosopher, known for his "philosophy of despair".
Born in Kiev (Russian Empire) on February 12 [O.S.
January 31] 1866, he emigrated to France in 1921, fleeing from the aftermath of the October Revolution.
He lived in Paris until his death on November 19, 1938.