Masayoshi Ohira (?? ??, Ohira Masayoshi, 12 March 1910 – 12 June 1980) was a Japanese politician who was Prime Minister of Japan from 1978 to 1980.
Ohira's time in office was cut short when he died in office; he remains the most recent Japanese Prime Minister to die in office (Keizo Obuchi was removed from office on 5 April 2000 after suddenly falling into a coma, a month before his death in May 2000).
He was born in present-day Kan'onji, Kagawa and attended Hitotsubashi University.