From 1885 until his death in 1907, he was director of Hôpital des Enfants Malades.
In 1900 he was elected vice-chairman of the board of directors at the Pasteur Institute.Grancher is remembered for his research of tuberculosis.
He was a pioneer in the creation of safeguards for the prevention of childhood tuberculosis, and was an advocate of isolation and antisepsis in the fight against the disease.