Rasmus Nyerup (1759–1829) was a Danish literary historian, philologist, folklorist and librarian.
He was assistant at the Royal Library from 1778, and its secretary during 1709–1803.
From 1803, he was head librarian of Copenhagen University Library.
He was a very productive and diligent reviewer and writer, mostly on Danish literary history.
With Rasmus Rask, he published a Danish translation of the Edda in 1808, and with
Jens Edvard Kraft a general literary history of Denmark, Norway and Iceland (1818/9).
He was co-founder of the "Society for Future Generations" (Selskabet for Efterslægten 1786) and the Scandinavian Literary Society (1796).
He initiated the foundation of the National Museum of Denmark.