Abu ?Ali Man?ur (13 August 985 – 13 February 1021), better known by his regnal title al-?akim bi-Amr Allah (Arabic: ?????? ???? ?????; literally "The Ruler by the Order of God"), was the sixth Fatimid caliph and 16th Ismaili imam (996–1021).
Al-Hakim is an important figure in a number of Shia Ismaili religions, such as the world's 15 million Nizaris, in addition to the 2 million Druze of the Levant whose eponymous founder ad-Darazi proclaimed him as the incarnation of God in 1018.Histories of al-Hakim can prove controversial, as diverse views of his life and legacy exist.
Historian Paul Walker writes: "Ultimately, both views of him, the mad and despotic tyrant (like Germanic and Roman despots) irrationally given to killing those around him on a whim, and the ideal supreme ruler, divinely ordained and chosen, whose every action was just and righteous, were to persist, the one among his enemies and those who rebelled against him, and the other in the hearts of true believers, who, while perhaps perplexed by events, nonetheless remained avidly loyal to him to the end."