Arthur Griffith, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death

    

Arthur Griffith

Irish politician and writer

Date of Birth: 31-Mar-1872

Place of Birth: Dublin, Leinster, Ireland

Date of Death: 12-Aug-1922

Profession: writer, politician, diplomat

Nationality: Ireland

Zodiac Sign: Aries


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About Arthur Griffith

  • Arthur Joseph Griffith (Irish: Art Seosamh Ă“ GrĂ­obhtha; 31 March 1871 – 12 August 1922) was an Irish writer, newspaper editor and politician who founded the political party Sinn FĂ©in.
  • He led the Irish delegation at the negotiations that produced the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, and served as President of Dáil Éireann from January 1922 until his death in August 1922. After a short spell in South Africa, Griffith founded and edited the Irish nationalist newspaper The United Irishman in 1899.
  • In 1904, he wrote The Resurrection of Hungary: A Parallel for Ireland, which advocated the withdrawal of Irish members from the Parliament of the United Kingdom and the setting up of the institutions of government at home, a policy that became known as Sinn FĂ©in (ourselves).
  • On 28 November 1905, he presented "The Sinn FĂ©in Policy" at the first annual convention of his organisation, the National Council; the occasion is marked as the founding date of the Sinn FĂ©in party.
  • Griffith took over as president of Sinn FĂ©in in 1911, but at that time the organisation was still small. Griffith was arrested following the Easter Rising of 1916, despite not having taken any part in it.
  • On his release, he worked to build up Sinn FĂ©in, which won a string of by-election victories.
  • At the party's Ardfheis (annual convention) in October 1917, Sinn FĂ©in became an unambiguously republican party, and Griffith resigned the presidency in favour of the 1916 leader Éamon de Valera, becoming vice-president instead.
  • Griffith was elected as a member of parliament (MP) in June 1918, and re-elected in the 1918 general election, when Sinn FĂ©in won a huge electoral victory over the Irish Parliamentary Party and, refusing to take their seats at Westminster, set up their own constituent assembly, Dáil Éireann.In the Dáil, Griffith served as Minister for Home Affairs from 1919 to 1921, and Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1921 to 1922.
  • In September 1921, he was appointed chairman of the Irish delegation to negotiate a treaty with the British government.
  • After months of negotiations, he and the other four delegates signed the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which created the Irish Free State, but not as a republic.
  • This led to a split in the Dáil.
  • After the Treaty was narrowly approved by the Dáil, de Valera resigned as president and Griffith was elected in his place.
  • The split led to the Irish Civil War.
  • Griffith died suddenly in August 1922, two months after the outbreak of that war.

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