Sir Robert Christison, 1st Baronet, FRSE FRCSE FRCPE (18 July 1797 – 27 January 1882), was a Scottish toxicologist and physician who served as president of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (1838–40 and 1846-8) and as president of the British Medical Association (1875).
He was the first person to describe renal anaemia.