Gabino or Gavino Gaínza y Fernández de Medrano (October 20, 1753 or 1760, depending on the source, Guipúzcoa, País Vasco, Spain – c.
1829, México City) was a Spanish military officer and politician in Spain's American colonies.
During the Latin American wars of independence, he initially fought on the royalist side, in Chile.
Later, in Guatemala, he supported independence and became the first president of a united Central America extending from Soconusco (in Chiapas) through Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica.