Rainis was the pseudonym of Janis Pliekšans (September 11, 1865 – September 12, 1929), a Latvian poet, playwright, translator, and politician.
Rainis' works include the classic plays Uguns un nakts (Fire and Night, 1905) and Indulis un Arija (Indulis and Arija, 1911), and a highly regarded translation of Goethe's Faust.
His works had a profound influence on the literary Latvian language, and the ethnic symbolism he employed in his major works has been central to Latvian nationalism.