Emilio Mola y Vidal, 1st Duke of Mola, Grandee of Spain (9 July 1887 – 3 June 1937) was one of the three leaders of the Nationalist coup of July 1936, which started the Spanish Civil War.
After the death of Sanjurjo, Mola commanded the north, while Franco commanded the south.
Attempting to take Madrid with his four columns, Mola praised local Nationalist sympathizers as a "fifth column", the first use of that phrase.
He died in an air crash in bad weather, leaving Franco as sole leader for the rest of the war.
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