Martin Scheinin (born 4 November 1954) was the first United Nations Special Rapporteur on human rights and counter-terrorism in 2005–2011.
He was selected for this position after serving for eight years (1997–2004) as member of the United Nations Human Rights Committee, the independent expert body monitoring states' compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
While on the Committee, he was known as a defendant of the rights of minorities and indigenous peoples and opponent of capital punishment, as well as the drafter of the Committee's General Comment No.
29 on states of emergency.Today he is a Professor of International Law and Human Rights at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, and an expert of international law, human rights and constitutional law.
In 2010–2014 Scheinin was President of the International Association of Constitutional Law.