Jean Calas (1698 – March 10, 1762) was a merchant living in Toulouse, France, who was tried, tortured and executed for the murder of his son, despite his protestations of innocence.
Calas was a Protestant in an officially Catholic society.
Doubts about his guilt were raised by opponents of the Catholic Church and he was exonerated in 1764.
In France, he became a symbolic victim of religious intolerance, along with François-Jean de la Barre and Pierre-Paul Sirven.