Alexandre Salimbeni (11 December 1867 - 1942) was an Italian physician and biologist born in Acquapendente.
He studied medicine at the University of Siena, where he later became a professor of pathological anatomy.
From 1895 he performed studies in the laboratory of Elie Metchnikoff (1845-1916) at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, where he worked closely with Jules Bordet (1870-1961).
With Marchoux, he identified Argas persicus as the vector of avian spirochaetosis.In 1910 he participated on a mission to Russia, where he studied cholera, tuberculosis and the plague.
In 1918 he was appointed director of "vaccine services" at the Pasteur Institute.