Yashwantrao Holkar, Date of Birth, Place of Birth, Date of Death
TweetYashwantrao Holkar
Ruler of Holkar State.
Date of Birth: 03-Dec-1776
Place of Birth: Malwa, India
Date of Death: 27-Oct-1811
Zodiac Sign: Sagittarius 
About Yashwantrao Holkar
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- Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Shrimant Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar (Marathi: ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????) Bahadur, belonging to the subordinate feudatory Holkar dynasty of the Maratha Empires was the subordinate feudatory raja of the Maratha Empire.
- He was born on 3 December 1776.
- He was a gifted military leader and educated in accountancy as well as literate in Persian and Marathi.Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao has been referred to by some Indian historians as the "Hannibal of India". In January 1799, Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar was crowned King, as per Hindu Vedic rites and in May, 1799, he captured Ujjain.
- Though his royal pretensions were not widely accepted and neither the Mughals or Marathas, nor the British treated him as a royal.
- He started campaigning towards the north to expand his empire in that region.Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao rebelled against the policies of the Peshwa Baji Rao II.
- In May 1802, he marched towards Pune the seat of the Peshwa.
- This gave rise to the Battle of Poona in which the Peshwa was defeated.
- After the defeat, the Peshwa fled from Pune.
- The Conquest of Pune left Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar in charge of the administration and he made some constructive steps to rebuild the Maratha Empire.Realising the growing British strength in India, Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar decided to make a stand against the British.
- Accompanied by Raghuji Bhonsale and Daulat Scindia, Maharaja Chhatrapati Yashwantrao Holkar on 4 June 1803 decided to fight against the British force after their meeting at Bodwad.
- However, after a conspiracy against him, he decided not to be a part of the Maratha Confederacy.
- To curb the power of British, Maharaja Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar wrote letters to different rulers and welcomed them to get unite and fight against the British power.
- But, all his plans and appeal went in vain as all the kings had already signed treaties with the British.
- Afterwards, Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao decided to fight against the British on his own.
- He defeated the British army, led by Colonel Fawcett, at Kunch, in Bundelkhand as well as attacked Delhi to free the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II, who was imprisoned by the British and attacked the army of Colonel Ochterlony and Berne.
- This battle lasted for a week, but Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar could not succeed because Colonel Ochterlony was supported by Lord Lake.
- chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar won the title of "Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Alija Bahadur" as a token of admiration by Mughal Emperor Shah Alam for his bravery.Afraid of the possibility of Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar uniting the Indian rajas against them, the British decided to make peace with Maharaja Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar.Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar then proceeded to sign a treaty with the British on 24 December 1805, at Rajghat (then in Punjab, which is now in Delhi).Maharaja Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao was known to be the only king in India whom the British approached to sign a peace treaty on equal terms.
- the British returned all his territory, and accepted his dominion over Jaipur, Udaipur, Kota, Bundi and also affirmed not to interfere in matters relating to the Holkars.
- The victorious king reached Indore and started ruling his newly expanded kingdom.Though Chhatrapati Yashwant Rao Holkar again tried to unite the Maratha Confederacy and appealed to Daulatrao Scindia, but Scindia gave the information about this letter to the local British resident, Marsor.
- Holkar and Scindia agreed on eleven defensive and offensive strategies on 14 November 1807.
- To make his plan a success he decided to stay in Bhanpura to form a large army and manufacture cannons.He was successful in his endeavour of keeping the British out of his state and started making preparations to drive the British out of India.
- He assembled an army of 100,000 soldiers to attack Calcutta, however, on 27 October 1811 he died, unexpectedly.
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