Israel Shahak (Hebrew: ????? ????; born Israel Himmelstaub, 28 April 1933 – 2 July 2001) was an Israeli professor of organic chemistry, at Hebrew University of Jerusalem, a Holocaust survivor, a public intellectual of Liberal political bent, and a civil-rights advocate and activist on behalf of Jew and gentile.
For twenty years, he headed the Israeli League for Human and Civil Rights (1970–90) and was a public critic of the policies of the governments of Israel.
As a public intellectual, Shahak's works about Judaism proved controversial, especially the book Jewish History, Jewish Religion: The Weight of Three Thousand Years (1994).