Caroline Brown Buell (October 24, 1843 - 1927) was an American activist who lectured and wrote on behalf of temperance and suffrage.
She served as the assistant recording secretary (1878–80), corresponding secretary (1880–93), and a member of the Our Union publication committee (1876–83) of the National Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU); as well as the president (1904) and corresponding secretary (1875–86) of the Connecticut WCTU.
She also originated the plan of the Loyal Temperance Legion, the children's society of the WCTU.
Buell wrote extensively for temperance publications, and other papers and magazines.