Alexander Alexandrovich Bolonkin (Russian: ??????´??? ??????´??????? ????´????, born 14 March 1933, Perm) is a Russian-American scientist and academic who worked in the Soviet aviation, space and rocket industries and lectured in Moscow universities, before being arrested in 1972 by the KGB as a dissident.
He served terms of imprisonment and internal exile for 15 years until 1987, when he emigrated to the US as a political refugee.
He has since lectured at American universities and worked as a researcher at NASA and for the National Research Council.
He is a member of the Board of Directors of the International Space Agency, Chairman of the Space Flights section, member of the Advisory Board of the Lifeboat Foundation and its Space Settlement, and the founding President of the International Association of Former Soviet Political Prisoners and Victims of the Communist Regime (IASPPV).