February 26] 1876 – October 28, 1941) was a Russian-Jewish Bolshevik, communist revolutionary, Soviet politician and party functionary.
In his capacity as a senior figure in the Communist Party, he served as the Chief State Arbiter of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union, First Secretary of the Kazakh Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and as a Full and Candidate Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1934.
He is best known for his involvement in the Execution of the Romanov Family, as well as for the deadly role which he played in the Sovietization of Kazakhstan, (Small October), (Russian: ????? ???????, a reference to the "Great October"), better known within Kazakhstan as the "Goloshchekin Genocide".
He was arrested towards the end of the Great Purge and was eventually executed by the NKVD during Operation Barbarossa.