Horia Sima (3 July 1907 – 25 May 1993) was a Romanian fascist politician, best known as the second and last leader of the fascist paramilitary movement known as the Iron Guard, also known as the Legionnaire Movement.
Sima was also the vice president of the council of ministers in Ion Antonescu's National Legionary State, and a short-lived minister in the government of Ion Gigurtu.
In January 1941, Sima initiated and led the Legionnaires' Rebellion against Conducator Ion Antonescu and the Romanian Army, for which he was sentenced to death, as well as the Bucharest pogrom, the largest and most violent pogrom against Jews in the history of Muntenia.
Following the rebellion, Sima escaped to Germany, and later to Spain, where he lived until his death.