Countess Karolina Maria Adelajda Franciszka Ksawera Malgorzata Edina Lanckoronska (Polish pronunciation: [ka.r?'l?i.na lant?sk?'r??ska], Gars am Kamp, Lower Austria, 11 August 1898 — 25 August 2002, Rome, Italy) was a Polish noble, World War II resistance fighter, and historian.
Lanckoronska bequeathed her family's enormous art collection to Poland only after her homeland became free from communism and Soviet domination during the Revolutions of 1989.
The Lanckoronski Collection may now for the most part be seen in Warsaw's Royal Castle and Kraków's Wawel Castle.