Pelageya Yakovlevna Polubarinova-Kochina (Russian: ??????´? ?´???????? ??????´??????-??´????; 13 May [O.S.
1 May] 1899 – 3 July 1999) was a Soviet applied mathematician, known for her work on fluid mechanics and hydrodynamics, particularly, the application of Fuchsian equations, as well in the history of mathematics.
She was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1991) in 1946 and full member (academician) in 1958.